What is Adlerian Family Therapy?

Priceless Moments, Painting by Dennis Jinguo Dai, Year Unknown

Adlerian Family Therapy is an approach focused on the individual psychology of Alfred Adler, emphasizing the importance of purpose and the individual’s sense of belonging within the family system. This approach views behaviour as purposeful and goal-oriented, with the belief that each family member’s actions are shaped by their efforts to find significance and value in their relationships. A main aspect of Adlerian theory is the understanding that misbehaviour in children usually comes from discouragement or a mistaken belief about how to gain acceptance and attention within the family.

The therapist works with the family to uncover patterns of interaction and belief systems that may be contributing to conflict or dysfunction. One main part of Adlerian Family Therapy is exploring the family constellation, which includes understanding the roles, birth order, and early recollections of each family member, which can help show how each person interprets their place in the family and the logic they use to navigate relationships. This can lead to more constructive patterns of interaction.

Encouragement is a main technique used in Adlerian Family Therapy where the therapist helps both parents and children develop mutual respect and cooperation to create a supportive environment rather than punishment or control. Instead of only focusing on correcting behaviour, the therapy tries to understand the underlying motivations and help family members reframe their perceptions of one another, leading to healthier dynamics that are based on shared responsibility and empathy.

The Country Dance, Painting by Jean Antoine Watteau, 1706

Parental education is usually an important part of the process as well, where parents are guided to set clear boundaries while also allowing children to contribute meaningfully to the family unit. The emphasis on equality and shared problem-solving is completely different than authoritarian or permissive parenting models and encourages a sense of agency and accountability in all family members. This can lead to less power struggles and more emotional maturity amongst all family members, especially parents and caregivers.

Alfred Adler called a strong sense of belonging and social interest "Gemeinschaftsgefühl", which Adlerian Family Therapy looks to do. It encourages positive behaviours, open and healthy communication, and a shared purpose which can lead to a stronger family unit. It also emphasizes the importance of cooperation among all members of the family in order to make change.